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Pregnancy Today's Advisory Panel Answers:
What can you do when a newborn refuses to latch?

by Melissa Clark Vickers
      MEd, IBCLC
Lactation Consultant
Melissa Clark Vickers, MEd, IBCLC

Question

What can you do when a newborn refuses to latch? This happened with my second born. After four days of unsuccessful attempts to nurse I gave up. From the very start (minutes after birth) he refused the breast and would turn away and arch his back. I kept trying for 3-4 hours at a time to nurse him but he would never latch for more that 2-3 seconds. After hours of both of us crying I would give up and give him a bottle. I felt like I was torturing him. I'm pregnant with my third and want to make sure this doesn't happen again.
First of all, the good news: just because this happened with your other baby, it won't necessarily happen with this baby. There are many reasons that might cause a baby to react this way. Sometimes a baby may be physically uncomfortable in the typical nursing position, often due to his journey "out" through the cramped quarters of the birth canal. Sometimes, if a baby has had a suction tube placed down his throat to remove excess mucous, he may not want anything else in his mouth for a while. And sometimes if a baby is given a bottle for any reason before he has a chance to go to the breast, he gets frustrated at having to work to get a little bit of milk. (Realize, of course, that the "little bit" he gets is concentrated and ideal for his needs for the first day or two after birth.) Sometimes, in an effort to get a newborn latched on, a nurse or mom might push on the back of baby's head to force him onto the breast.

Some ideas for you to consider:

1. Aim for as little labor/delivery intervention as possible. Talk with your doctor or midwife about how to minimize your chances of needing pain medications, or other procedures that might affect breastfeeding later on. Ideally, you will have selected a birth attendant that you can feel confident to only do interventions that are needed. That's what they are there for, after all.

2. Nurse your baby as soon after birth as possible, ideally within the first hour or so. Talk with your doctor about postponing tests and baths and whatever until after this time.

3. If your baby seems uncomfortable in one position, experiment with others. A lactation consultant (preferably one with "IBCLC" after her name signifying an International Board Certified Lactation Consultant) or La Leche League Leader can help you find positions that work for both of you.

4. Don't force your baby on your breast by pushing on the back of his head. Guide him to the breast holding his head gently at the base of the skull and neck.

5. Keep your baby with you as much as possible, and give him lots of skin-to-skin contact. Even if he won't nurse right then, the contact with you is important.

6. Request that your baby be given no bottles in the hospital. If he should need to be supplemented for any reason, there are alternative ways to deliver that supplement that won't interfere with his ability to breastfeed.

7. Attend breastfeeding classes and La Leche League meetings while you are pregnant to learn as much as possible from other moms.

Remember, this baby has never nursed before, and you have never nursed this baby, either. You both have the opportunity to learn together!

This Week's Expert Q & A

Kathy Loebel, certified nurse-midwife, answers: “How can I avoid an episiotomy or tearing?"

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